1 00:00:01,160 --> 00:00:12,640 [Music] 2 00:00:12,640 --> 00:00:12,650 3 00:00:12,650 --> 00:00:15,230 recent tests involving the orbiter 4 00:00:15,230 --> 00:00:15,240 recent tests involving the orbiter 5 00:00:15,240 --> 00:00:17,029 recent tests involving the orbiter Atlantis at the Kennedy Space Center 6 00:00:17,029 --> 00:00:17,039 Atlantis at the Kennedy Space Center 7 00:00:17,039 --> 00:00:18,859 Atlantis at the Kennedy Space Center Florida were part of a comprehensive 8 00:00:18,859 --> 00:00:18,869 Florida were part of a comprehensive 9 00:00:18,869 --> 00:00:22,010 Florida were part of a comprehensive NASA white program to certify that when 10 00:00:22,010 --> 00:00:22,020 NASA white program to certify that when 11 00:00:22,020 --> 00:00:24,080 NASA white program to certify that when the shuttle does lift off again in early 12 00:00:24,080 --> 00:00:24,090 the shuttle does lift off again in early 13 00:00:24,090 --> 00:00:26,359 the shuttle does lift off again in early nineteen eighty eight every conceivable 14 00:00:26,359 --> 00:00:26,369 nineteen eighty eight every conceivable 15 00:00:26,369 --> 00:00:28,760 nineteen eighty eight every conceivable effort will have been made to ensure the 16 00:00:28,760 --> 00:00:28,770 effort will have been made to ensure the 17 00:00:28,770 --> 00:00:30,950 effort will have been made to ensure the safety and reliability of the entire 18 00:00:30,950 --> 00:00:30,960 safety and reliability of the entire 19 00:00:30,960 --> 00:00:33,439 safety and reliability of the entire system one of the most significant 20 00:00:33,439 --> 00:00:33,449 system one of the most significant 21 00:00:33,449 --> 00:00:35,360 system one of the most significant modifications being made is in the 22 00:00:35,360 --> 00:00:35,370 modifications being made is in the 23 00:00:35,370 --> 00:00:37,700 modifications being made is in the design of the solid rocket motors the 24 00:00:37,700 --> 00:00:37,710 design of the solid rocket motors the 25 00:00:37,710 --> 00:00:40,069 design of the solid rocket motors the white boosters used to propel shuttles 26 00:00:40,069 --> 00:00:40,079 white boosters used to propel shuttles 27 00:00:40,079 --> 00:00:42,619 white boosters used to propel shuttles into orbit these Rockets are made up of 28 00:00:42,619 --> 00:00:42,629 into orbit these Rockets are made up of 29 00:00:42,629 --> 00:00:45,349 into orbit these Rockets are made up of segments some assembled or stacked at 30 00:00:45,349 --> 00:00:45,359 segments some assembled or stacked at 31 00:00:45,359 --> 00:00:47,930 segments some assembled or stacked at Kennedy prior to a launch the joint 32 00:00:47,930 --> 00:00:47,940 Kennedy prior to a launch the joint 33 00:00:47,940 --> 00:00:49,729 Kennedy prior to a launch the joint between these Rockets segments is being 34 00:00:49,729 --> 00:00:49,739 between these Rockets segments is being 35 00:00:49,739 --> 00:00:51,770 between these Rockets segments is being redesigned as shown in this 36 00:00:51,770 --> 00:00:51,780 redesigned as shown in this 37 00:00:51,780 --> 00:00:54,529 redesigned as shown in this cross-sectional view the new design uses 38 00:00:54,529 --> 00:00:54,539 cross-sectional view the new design uses 39 00:00:54,539 --> 00:00:56,719 cross-sectional view the new design uses a capture latch to achieve a much 40 00:00:56,719 --> 00:00:56,729 a capture latch to achieve a much 41 00:00:56,729 --> 00:00:59,660 a capture latch to achieve a much tighter fit a third o ring is also 42 00:00:59,660 --> 00:00:59,670 tighter fit a third o ring is also 43 00:00:59,670 --> 00:01:01,610 tighter fit a third o ring is also included which allows engineers to 44 00:01:01,610 --> 00:01:01,620 included which allows engineers to 45 00:01:01,620 --> 00:01:03,379 included which allows engineers to verify that the joint is working 46 00:01:03,379 --> 00:01:03,389 verify that the joint is working 47 00:01:03,389 --> 00:01:05,539 verify that the joint is working properly and the insulation in the 48 00:01:05,539 --> 00:01:05,549 properly and the insulation in the 49 00:01:05,549 --> 00:01:08,359 properly and the insulation in the segments separated by a putty field gap 50 00:01:08,359 --> 00:01:08,369 segments separated by a putty field gap 51 00:01:08,369 --> 00:01:12,760 segments separated by a putty field gap originally is now bonded together 52 00:01:12,760 --> 00:01:12,770 53 00:01:12,770 --> 00:01:15,319 the new joint will be subjected to an 54 00:01:15,319 --> 00:01:15,329 the new joint will be subjected to an 55 00:01:15,329 --> 00:01:17,929 the new joint will be subjected to an extensive evaluation program including 56 00:01:17,929 --> 00:01:17,939 extensive evaluation program including 57 00:01:17,939 --> 00:01:20,389 extensive evaluation program including numerous rocket segment test firings in 58 00:01:20,389 --> 00:01:20,399 numerous rocket segment test firings in 59 00:01:20,399 --> 00:01:22,400 numerous rocket segment test firings in facilities like this one and Morton 60 00:01:22,400 --> 00:01:22,410 facilities like this one and Morton 61 00:01:22,410 --> 00:01:24,860 facilities like this one and Morton Thiokol company in Utah before it is 62 00:01:24,860 --> 00:01:24,870 Thiokol company in Utah before it is 63 00:01:24,870 --> 00:01:27,440 Thiokol company in Utah before it is deemed flight-worthy the manager of the 64 00:01:27,440 --> 00:01:27,450 deemed flight-worthy the manager of the 65 00:01:27,450 --> 00:01:30,200 deemed flight-worthy the manager of the solid rocket motor redesign team NASA's 66 00:01:30,200 --> 00:01:30,210 solid rocket motor redesign team NASA's 67 00:01:30,210 --> 00:01:32,090 solid rocket motor redesign team NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama 68 00:01:32,090 --> 00:01:32,100 Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama 69 00:01:32,100 --> 00:01:35,030 Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama is John Thomas we're taking every step 70 00:01:35,030 --> 00:01:35,040 is John Thomas we're taking every step 71 00:01:35,040 --> 00:01:36,610 is John Thomas we're taking every step possible 72 00:01:36,610 --> 00:01:36,620 possible 73 00:01:36,620 --> 00:01:39,530 possible in order to ensure that the design is 74 00:01:39,530 --> 00:01:39,540 in order to ensure that the design is 75 00:01:39,540 --> 00:01:42,350 in order to ensure that the design is safe with as many tests on as many test 76 00:01:42,350 --> 00:01:42,360 safe with as many tests on as many test 77 00:01:42,360 --> 00:01:45,130 safe with as many tests on as many test articles as if treated 78 00:01:45,130 --> 00:01:45,140 articles as if treated 79 00:01:45,140 --> 00:01:47,510 articles as if treated solid Rockets have traditionally been 80 00:01:47,510 --> 00:01:47,520 solid Rockets have traditionally been 81 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:49,850 solid Rockets have traditionally been test-fired in the horizontal position 82 00:01:49,850 --> 00:01:49,860 test-fired in the horizontal position 83 00:01:49,860 --> 00:01:52,400 test-fired in the horizontal position the National Research Council overseeing 84 00:01:52,400 --> 00:01:52,410 the National Research Council overseeing 85 00:01:52,410 --> 00:01:54,740 the National Research Council overseeing NASA's redesign effort has been briefed 86 00:01:54,740 --> 00:01:54,750 NASA's redesign effort has been briefed 87 00:01:54,750 --> 00:01:57,140 NASA's redesign effort has been briefed and concurs with the agency's decision 88 00:01:57,140 --> 00:01:57,150 and concurs with the agency's decision 89 00:01:57,150 --> 00:01:59,420 and concurs with the agency's decision to continue horizontal tests that 90 00:01:59,420 --> 00:01:59,430 to continue horizontal tests that 91 00:01:59,430 --> 00:02:01,999 to continue horizontal tests that simulate launch forces this makes it 92 00:02:01,999 --> 00:02:02,009 simulate launch forces this makes it 93 00:02:02,009 --> 00:02:04,070 simulate launch forces this makes it possible to subject the Rockets to even 94 00:02:04,070 --> 00:02:04,080 possible to subject the Rockets to even 95 00:02:04,080 --> 00:02:05,900 possible to subject the Rockets to even greater stresses than they encounter 96 00:02:05,900 --> 00:02:05,910 greater stresses than they encounter 97 00:02:05,910 --> 00:02:08,660 greater stresses than they encounter during an actual shuttle flight in an 98 00:02:08,660 --> 00:02:08,670 during an actual shuttle flight in an 99 00:02:08,670 --> 00:02:10,160 during an actual shuttle flight in an effort to take advantage of their flight 100 00:02:10,160 --> 00:02:10,170 effort to take advantage of their flight 101 00:02:10,170 --> 00:02:12,500 effort to take advantage of their flight operations experience several astronauts 102 00:02:12,500 --> 00:02:12,510 operations experience several astronauts 103 00:02:12,510 --> 00:02:15,140 operations experience several astronauts including Bob Crippen a veteran of for 104 00:02:15,140 --> 00:02:15,150 including Bob Crippen a veteran of for 105 00:02:15,150 --> 00:02:17,090 including Bob Crippen a veteran of for shuttle missions have been given key 106 00:02:17,090 --> 00:02:17,100 shuttle missions have been given key 107 00:02:17,100 --> 00:02:19,240 shuttle missions have been given key management roles within the agency 108 00:02:19,240 --> 00:02:19,250 management roles within the agency 109 00:02:19,250 --> 00:02:21,770 management roles within the agency having overseen the restructuring of 110 00:02:21,770 --> 00:02:21,780 having overseen the restructuring of 111 00:02:21,780 --> 00:02:23,900 having overseen the restructuring of management and communications Crippen 112 00:02:23,900 --> 00:02:23,910 management and communications Crippen 113 00:02:23,910 --> 00:02:25,610 management and communications Crippen has been named deputy director for 114 00:02:25,610 --> 00:02:25,620 has been named deputy director for 115 00:02:25,620 --> 00:02:28,550 has been named deputy director for shuttle operations astronaut Brian 116 00:02:28,550 --> 00:02:28,560 shuttle operations astronaut Brian 117 00:02:28,560 --> 00:02:31,039 shuttle operations astronaut Brian O'Connor pilot of the 23rd shuttle 118 00:02:31,039 --> 00:02:31,049 O'Connor pilot of the 23rd shuttle 119 00:02:31,049 --> 00:02:32,570 O'Connor pilot of the 23rd shuttle flight is chairman of a newly 120 00:02:32,570 --> 00:02:32,580 flight is chairman of a newly 121 00:02:32,580 --> 00:02:34,880 flight is chairman of a newly established Space Flight Safety panel 122 00:02:34,880 --> 00:02:34,890 established Space Flight Safety panel 123 00:02:34,890 --> 00:02:37,100 established Space Flight Safety panel with oversight responsibility for all 124 00:02:37,100 --> 00:02:37,110 with oversight responsibility for all 125 00:02:37,110 --> 00:02:39,670 with oversight responsibility for all NASA manned space program activities 126 00:02:39,670 --> 00:02:39,680 NASA manned space program activities 127 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:41,840 NASA manned space program activities recently O'Connor talked about the 128 00:02:41,840 --> 00:02:41,850 recently O'Connor talked about the 129 00:02:41,850 --> 00:02:44,150 recently O'Connor talked about the panel's role the idea that people ought 130 00:02:44,150 --> 00:02:44,160 panel's role the idea that people ought 131 00:02:44,160 --> 00:02:45,920 panel's role the idea that people ought to have in any flying operation is that 132 00:02:45,920 --> 00:02:45,930 to have in any flying operation is that 133 00:02:45,930 --> 00:02:48,500 to have in any flying operation is that everyone is responsible for safety the 134 00:02:48,500 --> 00:02:48,510 everyone is responsible for safety the 135 00:02:48,510 --> 00:02:50,600 everyone is responsible for safety the purpose of the safety officer or for a 136 00:02:50,600 --> 00:02:50,610 purpose of the safety officer or for a 137 00:02:50,610 --> 00:02:53,120 purpose of the safety officer or for a safety panel like we have would be to 138 00:02:53,120 --> 00:02:53,130 safety panel like we have would be to 139 00:02:53,130 --> 00:02:57,050 safety panel like we have would be to help the managers as advisors to point 140 00:02:57,050 --> 00:02:57,060 help the managers as advisors to point 141 00:02:57,060 --> 00:02:58,220 help the managers as advisors to point out things that we think may be 142 00:02:58,220 --> 00:02:58,230 out things that we think may be 143 00:02:58,230 --> 00:03:00,140 out things that we think may be deficiencies that they should correct 144 00:03:00,140 --> 00:03:00,150 deficiencies that they should correct 145 00:03:00,150 --> 00:03:01,970 deficiencies that they should correct because they are responsible for the 146 00:03:01,970 --> 00:03:01,980 because they are responsible for the 147 00:03:01,980 --> 00:03:05,590 because they are responsible for the safe operation of the of the program 148 00:03:05,590 --> 00:03:05,600 safe operation of the of the program 149 00:03:05,600 --> 00:03:08,600 safe operation of the of the program the flight safety as a goal work is 150 00:03:08,600 --> 00:03:08,610 the flight safety as a goal work is 151 00:03:08,610 --> 00:03:10,370 the flight safety as a goal work is continuing to improve the shuttles 152 00:03:10,370 --> 00:03:10,380 continuing to improve the shuttles 153 00:03:10,380 --> 00:03:12,560 continuing to improve the shuttles landing system the greatest problems 154 00:03:12,560 --> 00:03:12,570 landing system the greatest problems 155 00:03:12,570 --> 00:03:14,539 landing system the greatest problems have occurred during landings at Kennedy 156 00:03:14,539 --> 00:03:14,549 have occurred during landings at Kennedy 157 00:03:14,549 --> 00:03:16,580 have occurred during landings at Kennedy where the rough textured runway has 158 00:03:16,580 --> 00:03:16,590 where the rough textured runway has 159 00:03:16,590 --> 00:03:18,440 where the rough textured runway has caused excessive tread wear on the tires 160 00:03:18,440 --> 00:03:18,450 caused excessive tread wear on the tires 161 00:03:18,450 --> 00:03:20,870 caused excessive tread wear on the tires at the langley research center's 162 00:03:20,870 --> 00:03:20,880 at the langley research center's 163 00:03:20,880 --> 00:03:23,000 at the langley research center's aircraft landing dynamics facility 164 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:23,010 aircraft landing dynamics facility 165 00:03:23,010 --> 00:03:25,160 aircraft landing dynamics facility shuttle tires are mounted on a huge 166 00:03:25,160 --> 00:03:25,170 shuttle tires are mounted on a huge 167 00:03:25,170 --> 00:03:28,410 shuttle tires are mounted on a huge carriage this 54 time frame is then 168 00:03:28,410 --> 00:03:28,420 carriage this 54 time frame is then 169 00:03:28,420 --> 00:03:30,750 carriage this 54 time frame is then propelled down the runway at speeds up 170 00:03:30,750 --> 00:03:30,760 propelled down the runway at speeds up 171 00:03:30,760 --> 00:03:33,750 propelled down the runway at speeds up to 250 miles per hour similar in the 172 00:03:33,750 --> 00:03:33,760 to 250 miles per hour similar in the 173 00:03:33,760 --> 00:03:36,750 to 250 miles per hour similar in the forces 174 00:03:36,750 --> 00:03:36,760 175 00:03:36,760 --> 00:03:39,780 at this one of the clear engineers 176 00:03:39,780 --> 00:03:39,790 at this one of the clear engineers 177 00:03:39,790 --> 00:03:42,509 at this one of the clear engineers monitor energy stress wear patterns and 178 00:03:42,509 --> 00:03:42,519 monitor energy stress wear patterns and 179 00:03:42,519 --> 00:03:44,300 monitor energy stress wear patterns and burn marks 180 00:03:44,300 --> 00:03:44,310 burn marks 181 00:03:44,310 --> 00:03:47,220 burn marks about 10,000 gallons of water are used 182 00:03:47,220 --> 00:03:47,230 about 10,000 gallons of water are used 183 00:03:47,230 --> 00:03:49,949 about 10,000 gallons of water are used to drive the carriage nearly 2 million 184 00:03:49,949 --> 00:03:49,959 to drive the carriage nearly 2 million 185 00:03:49,959 --> 00:03:51,280 to drive the carriage nearly 2 million pounds of thrust 186 00:03:51,280 --> 00:03:51,290 pounds of thrust 187 00:03:51,290 --> 00:03:55,170 pounds of thrust the equivalent of almost 18 G's 188 00:03:55,170 --> 00:03:55,180 the equivalent of almost 18 G's 189 00:03:55,180 --> 00:03:57,729 the equivalent of almost 18 G's the people responsible for the shuttles 190 00:03:57,729 --> 00:03:57,739 the people responsible for the shuttles 191 00:03:57,739 --> 00:03:59,699 the people responsible for the shuttles main engines are busy as well 192 00:03:59,699 --> 00:03:59,709 main engines are busy as well 193 00:03:59,709 --> 00:04:02,410 main engines are busy as well extensively reevaluating almost every 194 00:04:02,410 --> 00:04:02,420 extensively reevaluating almost every 195 00:04:02,420 --> 00:04:04,839 extensively reevaluating almost every aspect in this system the main engines 196 00:04:04,839 --> 00:04:04,849 aspect in this system the main engines 197 00:04:04,849 --> 00:04:06,699 aspect in this system the main engines have performed well during almost five 198 00:04:06,699 --> 00:04:06,709 have performed well during almost five 199 00:04:06,709 --> 00:04:08,530 have performed well during almost five years of shuttle flights but the 200 00:04:08,530 --> 00:04:08,540 years of shuttle flights but the 201 00:04:08,540 --> 00:04:10,569 years of shuttle flights but the Challenger accident has reset sized 202 00:04:10,569 --> 00:04:10,579 Challenger accident has reset sized 203 00:04:10,579 --> 00:04:13,149 Challenger accident has reset sized everyone to flight safety issues main 204 00:04:13,149 --> 00:04:13,159 everyone to flight safety issues main 205 00:04:13,159 --> 00:04:15,099 everyone to flight safety issues main engine tests are being carried out at 206 00:04:15,099 --> 00:04:15,109 engine tests are being carried out at 207 00:04:15,109 --> 00:04:16,319 engine tests are being carried out at the National Space Technology 208 00:04:16,319 --> 00:04:16,329 the National Space Technology 209 00:04:16,329 --> 00:04:18,640 the National Space Technology laboratories in Mississippi and the 210 00:04:18,640 --> 00:04:18,650 laboratories in Mississippi and the 211 00:04:18,650 --> 00:04:20,800 laboratories in Mississippi and the Rocketdyne corporation's facility in 212 00:04:20,800 --> 00:04:20,810 Rocketdyne corporation's facility in 213 00:04:20,810 --> 00:04:23,279 Rocketdyne corporation's facility in California 214 00:04:23,279 --> 00:04:23,289 California 215 00:04:23,289 --> 00:04:26,050 California one of the hardest facts to accept is 216 00:04:26,050 --> 00:04:26,060 one of the hardest facts to accept is 217 00:04:26,060 --> 00:04:28,029 one of the hardest facts to accept is that no matter how much retesting and 218 00:04:28,029 --> 00:04:28,039 that no matter how much retesting and 219 00:04:28,039 --> 00:04:30,219 that no matter how much retesting and redesign is done no matter how much 220 00:04:30,219 --> 00:04:30,229 redesign is done no matter how much 221 00:04:30,229 --> 00:04:32,350 redesign is done no matter how much effort is put into making the shuttle as 222 00:04:32,350 --> 00:04:32,360 effort is put into making the shuttle as 223 00:04:32,360 --> 00:04:34,710 effort is put into making the shuttle as safe and reliable as possible 224 00:04:34,710 --> 00:04:34,720 safe and reliable as possible 225 00:04:34,720 --> 00:04:38,250 safe and reliable as possible risk involved perhaps best summing up 226 00:04:38,250 --> 00:04:38,260 risk involved perhaps best summing up 227 00:04:38,260 --> 00:04:40,020 risk involved perhaps best summing up the way the people within NASA or 228 00:04:40,020 --> 00:04:40,030 the way the people within NASA or 229 00:04:40,030 --> 00:04:42,060 the way the people within NASA or dealing with this issue is the manager 230 00:04:42,060 --> 00:04:42,070 dealing with this issue is the manager 231 00:04:42,070 --> 00:04:43,950 dealing with this issue is the manager of the shuttle main engine propulsion 232 00:04:43,950 --> 00:04:43,960 of the shuttle main engine propulsion 233 00:04:43,960 --> 00:04:46,260 of the shuttle main engine propulsion projects office Joe Lombardo I 234 00:04:46,260 --> 00:04:46,270 projects office Joe Lombardo I 235 00:04:46,270 --> 00:04:48,420 projects office Joe Lombardo I personally judge me on trying to make 236 00:04:48,420 --> 00:04:48,430 personally judge me on trying to make 237 00:04:48,430 --> 00:04:50,760 personally judge me on trying to make the shuttle a successful long-range 238 00:04:50,760 --> 00:04:50,770 the shuttle a successful long-range 239 00:04:50,770 --> 00:04:53,640 the shuttle a successful long-range program is to make v-necks launch as 240 00:04:53,640 --> 00:04:53,650 program is to make v-necks launch as 241 00:04:53,650 --> 00:04:56,010 program is to make v-necks launch as safe as we can possibly make it to keep 242 00:04:56,010 --> 00:04:56,020 safe as we can possibly make it to keep 243 00:04:56,020 --> 00:04:57,950 safe as we can possibly make it to keep all our efforts dedicated in our 244 00:04:57,950 --> 00:04:57,960 all our efforts dedicated in our 245 00:04:57,960 --> 00:05:00,750 all our efforts dedicated in our evaluations and analysis dedicated to 246 00:05:00,750 --> 00:05:00,760 evaluations and analysis dedicated to 247 00:05:00,760 --> 00:05:02,610 evaluations and analysis dedicated to the duck colt will get that one behind 248 00:05:02,610 --> 00:05:02,620 the duck colt will get that one behind 249 00:05:02,620 --> 00:05:04,670 the duck colt will get that one behind us and then one o'clock the next 250 00:05:04,670 --> 00:05:04,680 us and then one o'clock the next 251 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:07,520 us and then one o'clock the next NASA shuttle recovery program a 252 00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:07,530 NASA shuttle recovery program a 253 00:05:07,530 --> 00:05:09,360 NASA shuttle recovery program a comprehensive effort aimed at a 254 00:05:09,360 --> 00:05:09,370 comprehensive effort aimed at a 255 00:05:09,370 --> 00:05:12,540 comprehensive effort aimed at a successful return to spaceflight in 1988 256 00:05:12,540 --> 00:05:12,550 successful return to spaceflight in 1988 257 00:05:12,550 --> 00:05:15,790 successful return to spaceflight in 1988 and beyond 258 00:05:15,790 --> 00:05:15,800 259 00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:17,860 you